Rapid Response Situations,

         Introduction
        
1       Cardiac Emergencies
         Syncope
         Acute decompensated heart failure
         Acute coronary syndrome
         Cardiogenic shock
         Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response
         Hypertensive emergency with encephalopathy
         Hypertensive emergency with hemorrhagic stroke
         Hypertensive emergency with acute aortic dissection
         Acute pericarditis
         Acute cardiac tamponade
2       Respiratory Emergencies
         Acute asthma exacerbation/status asthmaticus
         Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation
          Aspiration pneumonitis 
          Life-Threatening hemoptysis
          ARDS (Acute respiratory distress syndrome) 
          Massive pulmonary embolism
          Severe acute atelectasis
          Spontaneous pneumothorax
          Tension pneumothorax
          Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure due to oversedation
          Acute partial upper airway obstruction
          Acute complete upper airway obstruction
          Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis exacerbation
          Acute pulmonary arterial hypertension
          Anaphylaxis
          Acute nonhistaminergic angioedema
3        Neurological Emergencies
          Seizure/status epilepticus
          Acute ischemic stroke
          Acute hemorrhagic stroke
          Acute intracranial pressure
          Delirium/agitation in intensive care unit/hospital wards
          Myasthenic crisis
          Guillain-Barre syndrome
          Serotonin syndrome
          Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
4        Gastrointestinal Emergencies
          Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
          Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
          Acute liver failure
          Severe acute pancreatitis
          Acute ischemic colitis
          Acute mesenteric ischemia
5        Endocrine Emergencies
          Severe diabetic ketoacidosis
          Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
          Hyperthyroidism/Thyroid storm
          Hypothyroidism/Myxedema coma
          Acute adrenal (Addisonian) crisis
          Hypercalcemic crisis
          Hypocalcemic crisis
          Acute severe hypernatremia
          Acute severe hyponatremia
          Acute severe hyperkalemia
          Acute severe hypokalemia
6        Hematologic Emergencies
          Acute blood transfusion reaction – febrile nonhemolytic reaction
          Urticarial allergic reaction
          Acute blood transfusion reaction – transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO)
          Acute blood transfusion reaction – transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)
          Acute blood transfusion reaction – anaphylactic reaction
          Acute blood transfusion reaction – acute hemolytic reaction
          Acute heparin induced thrombocytopenia
          Disseminated intravascular coagulation
          Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell diseases
          Acute immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
          Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
          Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
7        Oncologic Emergencies

         Tumor lysis syndrome
          Severe hypercalcemia of malignancy
          Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
          Febrile neutropenia
          Acute hyperviscosity syndrome
          Superior vena cava syndrome
          Malignant epidural spinal cord compression
          Rapidly accumulating pericardial effusion
8        Infectious Disease Emergencies
          Sepsis and septic shock
          Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to severe pneumonia
          Hypovolemic shock due to acute infectious diarrheal illness
          Acute respiratory failure due to Influenza virus infection
          Acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) pneumonia
9        Management of Postprocedural Complications in Hospitalized Patients
          Tracheostomy basics
          Short-term tracheostomy complication (<7 days): accidental dislodgement/decannulation (removal) of the tracheostomy tube
          Short-term tracheostomy complication (<7 days): tracheostomy site hemorrhage
          Long-term tracheostomy complication (>7 days): blockage of the tracheostomy tube
          Long-term tracheostomy complication (> 7 days): accidental dislodgement/decannulation (removal) of the tracheostomy tube
          Long-term tracheostomy complication (> 7 days): tracheoesophageal fistula
          Long-term tracheostomy complication (> 7 days): tracheoinnominate fistula
          Cardiac catheterization complication: hematoma at the access site at common femoral artery
          Cardiac catheterization complication: retroperitoneal hematoma
          Cardiac catheterization complication: contrast-induced nephropathy
          Cardiac catheterization complication: pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula and femoral artery occlusion
          Cardiac catheterization complication: anaphylactoid reactions
          Complication of paracentesis: paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction
          Complication of paracentesis: persistent leakage of ascitic fluid from puncture site
          Complication of paracentesis: hemorrhage
          Complication of paracentesis: visceral perforation (bladder, stomach, bowel)
          Complications of thoracentesis: pneumothorax
          Complication of thoracentesis: hemothorax
          Complication of thoracentesis: infection/empyema
          Complication of thoracentesis: liver/spleen injury
          Complication of lumbar puncture: post-LP headache
          Complication of lumbar puncture: spinal hematoma
          Complication of lumbar puncture: cerebral herniation
10      Rapid Response Cases
          Case I
          Case II
          Case III
          Case IV
          Case V